Lameen Souag
The Typology of Number Borrowing in Berber
Souag, Lameen
Authors
Contributors
Naomi Hilton
Editor
Rachel Arscott
Editor
Katherine Barden
Editor
Arti Krishna
Editor
Sheena Shah
Editor
Meg Zellers
Editor
Abstract
The question of which numbers are most easily borrowed, and in which contexts, has implications for an understanding both of historical change and language contact and of the extent to which the linguistic behaviour of numbers can be related to independent cognitive factors. In the Berber languages of North Africa, numbers are commonly clear-cut loanwords from Arabic; some languages retain as few as one or two non-Arabic number words, while others preserve a complete inventory. Closer examination reveals differences in intensity of borrowing even within single languages, depending on the numbers' functional usage. The languages in question are closely related to one another and are all influenced by mutually comprehensible varieties of Maghrebi Arabic, allowing what amounts to a controlled experiment, with extremely similar contact situations in different areas yielding a wide spectrum of possible outcomes. Careful examination of this spectrum allows us to set up a typology of numeral borrowing in Arabic-Berber contact, showing how linguistic, social, and cognitive factors all affect the process of number borrowing and how synonymy may emerge as an unstable transitional stage in the adoption of a new system.
Citation
Souag, L. (2007). The Typology of Number Borrowing in Berber. In N. Hilton, R. Arscott, K. Barden, A. Krishna, S. Shah, & M. Zellers (Eds.), CamLing 2007: Proceedings of the Fifth University of Cambridge Postgraduate Conference in Language Research (237-244). Cambridge Institute of Language Research
Publication Date | Jan 1, 2007 |
---|---|
Deposit Date | Mar 19, 2012 |
Publicly Available Date | Feb 28, 2025 |
Pages | 237-244 |
Book Title | CamLing 2007: Proceedings of the Fifth University of Cambridge Postgraduate Conference in Language Research |
Keywords | language contact, borrowing, numerals, Berber, Arabic, linguistic typology |
Publisher URL | http://www.ling.cam.ac.uk/camling/Manuscripts/CamLing2007_Souag.pdf |
Additional Information | References : Abdel-Massih, Ernest T. (1971). A Reference Grammar of Tamazight: A Comparative Study of the Berber Dialects of Ayt Ayache and Ayt Seghrouchen. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan 1971. Antell, S. E. and D. P. Keating. (1983). “Perception of Numerical Invariance in Neonates”. Child Development 54: 695-701. Aspinion, René. 1953. Apprenons le berbère: initiation aux dialectes chleuhs. Rabat: Félix Moncho. Basset, René. (1883). “Notes de lexicographie berbère: dialecte du Rif, dialecte de Djerbah, dialecte de Ghat, dialecte de Kel-Ouï.” Journal Asiatique avr-mai-juin 1883. Basset, René. (1885). “Notes de lexicographie berbère: dialectes des k'çours Oranais et de Figuig.” Journal Asiatique août-sept-oct 1885. Basset, René. (1887). “Notes de lexicographie berbère: vocabulaire du Touat et du Gourara, argot du Mzab, dialecte des Touaregs Aouellimidden.” Journal Asiatique nov-déc 1887. Basset, René. (1893). Etude sur la Zenatia du Mzab, de Ouargla et de l'Oued-Rir'. Paris: Ernest Leroux. Basset, René. (1895). Etude sur la Zenatia de l'Ouarsenis et du Maghreb central. Paris: Ernest Leroux. Beguinot, Francesco. (1942). Il Berbero Nefûsi di Fassâto. Grammatica, testi raccolti dalla viva voce, vocabolarietti. Roma: Istituto per l'Oriente. (2nd ed.) Ben Mamou, Larbi. (2004). Tamezret (Tunisie) et son dialecte berbère. URL: http://www.atmazret.info/. Viewed 10 February 2007. Bentolila, Fernand. (1981). Grammaire fonctionnelle d'un parler berbère: Aït Seghrouchen d'Oum Jeniba (Maroc). Paris: SELAF. Biarnay, Séraphin. (1908). Etude sur la dialecte berbère de Ouargla. Paris: Ernest Leroux. Boudot-Lamotte, Antoine. (1964). “Notes ethnographiques et linguistiques sur le parler berbère de Timimoun.” Journal Asiatique CCLII. Corbett, Greville. (2000). Gender. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Cortade, Jean-Marie. (1969). Essai de grammaire touareg (dialecte de l'Ahaggar). Algiers: Université d'Alger. Cowan, N. (2001). “The Magical Number 4 in Short-term Memory: A Reconsideration of Mental Storage Capacity.” Behavioral and Brain Sciences 24, 87-114. Dallet, J. M. & St. Louis de Vincennes. (1960). Initiation à la langue berbère (Kabylie). Fort-National: Fichier de documentation berbère. Dallet, J. M. (1969). Pour une vérification des notations berbères (mzabite) d'Ernest Gourliau. Fort-National: Fichier de documentation berbère. Delheure, Jean. (1987). Agerraw n iwalen teggargarent-tarumit / Dictionnaire ouargli-français. Paris: SELAF. Destaing, Edmond. (1920). Etude de la dialecte berbère des Aït Seghrouchen. Paris: Ernest Leroux. Faidherbe, L. (1877). Le Zenaga des tribus sénégalaises: contribution à l'étude de la langue berbère. Paris: Ernest Leroux. Gabsi, Zouhir. (2003). An outline of the Shilha (Berber) vernacular of Douiret (Southern Tunisia). PhD thesis: University of Western Sydney. Galand, Lionel. (1988). “Le berbère.” In David Cohen (ed.), Les langues dans le monde ancien et moderne: langues chamito-sémitiques. Paris: CNRS. P. Galand-Pernet & Haim Zafrani. (1970). Une version berbère de la Haggadah de Pesah: Texte de Tinrhir du Todrha (Maroc). Comptes rendus du G.L.E.C.S. Supplement I. Genevois, H. and P. Reesink. (1973). “Djebel Bissa : prospections à travers un parler encore inexploré du Nord-Chélif.” Le Fichier périodique 117, 1973 (1). Gourliau, Ernest. (1898). Grammaire complète de la langue mzabite, comparée dans ses parties essentielles aux dialectes kabyle et tamachek'. Miliana: A. Legendre. Gordon, Raymond G., Jr. (ed.), 2005. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Fifteenth edition. Dallas, Tex.: SIL International. Online version: http://www.ethnologue.com/. Greenberg, Joseph. (1978). “Generalizations about Numeral Systems.” In J. Greenberg, C. Ferguson, & E. Moravcsik (eds.), Universals of Human Language 3: Word Structure 249-295. Stanford: Stanford University Press. Hanoteau, A. (1896). Essai de grammaire de la langue tamachek'. Algiers: Adolph Jourdain. Heath, Jeffrey. (2005). A Grammar of Tamashek (Tuareg of Mali). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. Hurford, James R. (1987). Language and Number: the emergence of a cognitive system. Oxford: Blackwell. Ibañez, Esteban. (1959). Diccionario español-senhayi. Madrid: Instituto de Estudios Africanos. Johnson, Mary Jeanette. (1966). Syntactic structures of Tamazight. UCLA: PhD thesis. Kossmann, Maarten. (1997). Grammaire du parler berbère de Figuig (Maroc oriental). Paris: Peeters. Lanfry, J. (1973). Ghadamès II. Glossaire (parler des Ayt Waziten). Fichier périodique XVII. Laoust, E. (1912). Etude sur le dialecte berbère du Chenoua. Algiers: Ernest Leroux. Laoust, Emile. (1932). Siwa: son parler. Paris: Ernest Leroux. Loubignac, V. (1924). Etude sur le dialecte berbère des Zaïan et Aït Sgougou. Paris: Ernest Leroux. Mercier, Gustave. (1896). Le chaouia de l'Aurès (dialecte de l'Ahmar-Khaddou). Paris: Ernest Leroux. Motylinski, A. de Calassanti. (1898). Le Djebel Nefousa: transcription, traduction française et notes avec une étude grammaticale. Paris: Ernest Leroux. Motylinski, A. de Calassanti. (1904). Le dialecte berbère de R'edamès. Paris: Ernest Leroux. Nehlil, Mohammad. (1909). Etude sur le dialecte de Ghat. Paris: Ernest Leroux. Provotelle, Paul. (1911). Etude sur la tamazir't ou zénatia de Qalaât es-Sened (Tunisie). Paris: Ernest Leroux. Sarrionandia, Pedro. (1905). Gramática de la lengua rifeña. Tangier: Imprenta Hispano-Arábiga. Sudlow, David. (2001). The Tamasheq of North-East Burkina Faso. Köln: Rüdiger Köppe.. Stumme, Hans. (1899). Handbuch des Schilhischen von Tazerwalt. Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs. Willms, Alfred. (1972). Grammatik der südlichen Beraberdialekte (Südmarokko). Hamburg: J. J. Augustin. |
Files
CamLing2007_Souag.pdf
(234 Kb)
PDF
Copyright Statement
Copyright of each individual paper remains with the paper’s author(s).
Downloadable Citations
About SOAS Research Online
Administrator e-mail: outputs@soas.ac.uk
This application uses the following open-source libraries:
SheetJS Community Edition
Apache License Version 2.0 (http://www.apache.org/licenses/)
PDF.js
Apache License Version 2.0 (http://www.apache.org/licenses/)
Font Awesome
SIL OFL 1.1 (http://scripts.sil.org/OFL)
MIT License (http://opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.html)
CC BY 3.0 ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
Powered by Worktribe © 2025
Advanced Search