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Louis IX and the transition from Ayyubid to Mamluk sultanate – Part II

El-Merheb, Mohamad

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Abstract

This article argues that Louis IX’s crusade, defeats, and captivity shaped the attempts of Sultan al-Malik al-Muʿaẓẓam Ghiyāth al-Dīn Tūrānshāh (d. 648/1250) and amīr Ḥusām al-Dīn ibn Abī ʿAlī al-Hadhabānī (d. 658/1260) to gain power in Egypt. It highlights how Louis IX’s captivity was used by Tūrānshāh to consolidate his short-lived rule, provided the Mamluks with the right circumstances to assassinate their sultan, and offered Ḥusām al-Dīn a chance to serve the post-Ayyubid regime by securing the return of Damietta to the Muslims and the payment of Louis IX’s ransom. Louis IX’s intransigence and continuous refusal to consider a peace agreement and unreasonable demands before he was captured, and his constant stalling and discourteous comportment during his captivity influenced the transition from Ayyubid to Mamluk sultanate, offering the Mamluks opportunity after opportunity to present themselves as protectors of the Egyptian realm. Lastly, this article brings to light new evidence related to the nature and timing of the Mamluk coup against Tūrānshāh and the identity of some of the conspirators who enabled it.

Citation

El-Merheb, M. (in press). Louis IX and the transition from Ayyubid to Mamluk sultanate – Part II. Crusades, 23(2), 207-229. https://doi.org/10.1080/14765276.2024.2385894

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Jul 24, 2024
Online Publication Date Sep 11, 2024
Deposit Date Jan 13, 2025
Publicly Available Date Jan 13, 2025
Journal Crusades
Print ISSN 1476-5276
Electronic ISSN 2832-7861
Publisher Taylor and Francis Group
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 23
Issue 2
Pages 207-229
DOI https://doi.org/10.1080/14765276.2024.2385894
Keywords Louis IX; Ayyubid; Mamluk; Seventh Crusade; Egypt; Arabic historiography
Publisher URL https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14765276.2024.2385894

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