Social Comparisons, Self-Conceptions, and Attributions: Assessing the Self-Related Contingencies in Leader-Member Exchange Relationships

Lapointe, Émilie; Vandenberghe, Christian; Ben Ayed, Ahmed K.; Schwarz, Gary; Tremblay, Michel; Chenevert, Denis

Abstract

Research on leader-member exchange (LMX) has demonstrated that, in addition to the value of LMX as an indicator of quality relationships with leaders, employees also evaluate how their relationship with the leader compares to other employees’ relationship with the leader. This finding led to the emergence of LMX social comparison (LMXSC). This study examines how LMX vs. LMXSC relates to work outcomes and considers the employee and perceived supervisor self-concept levels as moderators. We posit that LMX predicts work performance through increased organizational commitment. We further suggest that the relational and collective levels of the self-concept act as contingencies of the relationships among LMX, LMXSC, commitment, and performance. A sample of 250 employee-supervisor dyads was used to test the hypotheses. LMX predicted commitment and, indirectly, performance. The employee and perceived supervisor relational self-concepts acted as moderators of LMXSC, and the perceived supervisor collective self-concept acted as a moderator of LMX and LMXSC. However, not all moderation hypotheses were supported. Unexpected moderating effects involving the employee and perceived supervisor individual self-concepts, as well as main effects, were also uncovered. Implications: LMX predicts work outcomes, and these relationships are contingent on the level of the employee and perceived supervisor self-concepts. LMXSC only predicts the outcomes when the self-concept variables are considered as moderators, which suggests that these variables are necessary to understand LMXSC’s effects. This study helps differentiate LMX from LMXSC and understand the role of self-conceptions, including self-conceptions attributed by employees to the leader, in leader-member relationships.

Citation

Lapointe, É., Vandenberghe, C., Ben Ayed, A. K., Schwarz, G., Tremblay, M., & Chenevert, D. (2020). Social Comparisons, Self-Conceptions, and Attributions: Assessing the Self-Related Contingencies in Leader-Member Exchange Relationships. Journal of Business and Psychology, 35(3), 381-402. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-019-09628-9

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Mar 26, 2019
• Online Publication Date: Apr 23, 2019
• Publication Date: Jun 1, 2020
• Deposit Date: Mar 27, 2019
• Publicly Available Date: Mar 27, 2019
• Journal: Journal of Business and Psychology
• Print ISSN: 0889-3268
• Electronic ISSN: 1573-353X
• Publisher: Springer
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 35
• Issue: 3
• Pages: 381-402
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-019-09628-9